Cooking with Kids
Learning Social Studies Through Edible Experiences
Kindergarten is a year of experiences. For many, it is the first exposure to school life. For all, it is a chance to engage with peers, develop social and emotional skills, and learn about the world at large. In kindergarten, social studies is about experiences, meaning that content is directly related to students' lives. By approaching social studies through first hand experiences, children are able to internalize what they are learning, and come away with a lasting impression of the lesson. Social studies lends itself beautifully to experience since our history, customs, and geography are indelibly tied to our everyday lives. What do social studies experiences in kindergarten class look like? Through storytelling students can immerse themselves in different settings and cultures , through imaginative play students can cross barriers of difference and shyness, and experince life on their own terms, through blocks children can recreate famous buildings or map out neighborhoods, through field trips, children can experience what their community has to offer . This particular unit focuses on the integration of social studies through cooking. Cooking is often used in kindergarten to incorporate math and science, however, with some research and imagination, cooking could easily be tied to social studies, making each class informative, engaging, and delicious!
Cooking and Teaching: Food and Philosophy
My teaching style is a blend of Reggio Emilia and play based learning. As such, my class tends to 'do' as a way of learning. Cooking is a form of 'Doing', and active learning demands a lot of preparation. For a cooking class to succeed, the teacher must research, imagine, pre-empt questions, prepare materials, and of course, try out recipes.
Through cooking, children are actively engaged in the creation of their own meals, and are connecting with cultural, historical, linguistic, and social facets of food.
The Reggio Emilia approach is defined by the Fondazione Reggio Children, Centro Loris Malaguzzi as, "An educational philosophy based on the image of the child, and of human beings, as possessing strong potentials for development and as a subject...who learns and grows in the relationships with others." Cooking in kindergarten is a group project. This communal approach to creating with food calls for collaboration and teamwork, both ways to learn and grow in relationships with other students. The Reggio Emilia approach also calls for extensive documentation. The need for reflection and documentation serves two purposes here; to notice things that work well, to document problematic or confusing moments, and to reflect on how to improve teaching or cooking practices.
I see my role as a teacher as an observer and a guide, often asking questions to help students make their own conclusions about their actions, their work, and the world. Like Malaguzzi (Reggio Emilia founder), Montessori, Dewey, and Piaget, I believe in child-centered education which is both active and interactive, and involves the interests, ideas, and social world of the child and the community.
For this Unit, some teaching methods used are role play, cooperative learning, hands-on participation, oral sharing on a related topic, and using visuals. These strategies encourage active learning, and allow for various intelligences to be engaged. In addition to this, tactile, auditory, and visual learning-styles are consistently addressed throughout the lessons. This Unit is aligned with the NCSS Curriculum Standards as denoted per lesson.
Cooking Through Play
Cooking, in many ways, displays elements of play. Care to see the connection? Take a look!
Social Play
Through social interactions, students learn social rules such as sharing, give and take, and reciprocity; all skills which cooking demands. As students learn to take turns, as they wait for the beater, understand the concept of pouring just one scoop so that everyone gets their fair share, they are also learning greater lessons on moral reasoning and develop a mature sense of values.
Constructive Play
When children manipulate their environment to create things, they are engaging in constructive play. This type of play occurs when children cook since they are experimenting with food. As they manipulate foods of different textures and flavors, and discover the many facets of food, they also reinvent their original ingredients to create something new and flavorful! Cooking as constructive play gives children a sense of accomplishment once their recipe is done, and builds on various skills. Studies show that children who partake in constructive play do more than manipulate objects; this play later translates to the manipulation of words, concepts, and ideas.
Games With Rules
As children begin to play interactively, they develop their abilities to follow the rules of games. Following recipes demands careful following of rules. Without such rules, meals could be bland, bread would not leaven, and meals could be downright inedible! Games with rules teach an important concept we live daily-life has rules (laws) that we all follow to be productive members of society.
References:
https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/teaching-kindergarteners-social-studies

http://www.earlychildhoodnews.com/earlychildhood/article_view.aspx?ArticleID=127
http://www.edutopia.org/blog/strategies-for-early-learning-classroom-elizabeth-garcia http://www.pathstoliteracy.org/helping-young-children-develop-emergent-literacy-skills
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2319825/The-great-global-food-gap-Families-world- photographed-weekly-shopping-reveal-cost-ranges-3-20-320.html